A behind-the-scenes blog about research methods at Pew Research Center. For our latest findings, visit pewresearch.org. Identifying causal relationships from observational data is not easy. Still, ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract It is well known from the Monte-Carlo work of Nerlove that using the standard within-group estimator for dynamic models with fixed individual ...

Central to the idea of variance components models is the idea of fixed and random effects. Each effect in a variance components model must be classified as either a fixed or a random effect. Fixed ...

This paper is concerned with developing a non-parametric time-varying coefficient model with fixed effects to characterize non-stationarity and trending phenomenon in a non-linear panel data model. We ...

In epidemiological cohort studies of occupational and environmental exposures, individual exposure measurements are often not available for all members of the study, whereas health outcome measures ...

This report defines three types of estimable functions that can be used in SAS software to test hypotheses in multifactor fixed-effects linear models. Each type handles unequal n's, missing cells, and ...