Cognitive distortions, unconscious bias, cognitive bias, implicit bias, logical fallacies: you probably heard most or all of these terms. They can get really confusing if you don’t know the difference ...

Catastrophizing means that a person fixates on the worst possible outcome and treats it as likely, even when it is not. Therapy and medications can help people reduce or stop catastrophizing.

Black and white thinking is a thought pattern that makes people think in absolutes. For instance, you may think you are either always right or the world’s biggest failure. Psychologists consider this ...

There has been no systematic study in the literature of how self-deception differs from other kinds of self-distortion. For example, the term ‘cognitive dissonance’ has been used in some cases as a ...