Electromechanical components such as relays and switches often must undergo endurance tests that verify their reliability and safety. Regulatory standards typically have compliance criteria that ...

A version of thie article appeared in the February 2012 issue of Test & Measurement World. See the PDF. Many industrial systems use the 4–20-mA loop to transmit measurements from sensors to displays, ...

Microcontrollers contain a broad range of features due to the numerous end-use markets they address. Typical microcontrollers come in 8-, 16-, and 32-bit versions and commonly are used in consumer, ...

This file type includes high resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. Laboratory data often appears as Gaussian curves, and today's laboratory data-acquisition software is designed to ...

Such circuits could lead to a biochemical microcontroller, of sorts, for biological cells and other complex chemical systems.

In last week's installment, we showed how to get started with Csound. This week we take it to the next step by constructing a homemade MIDI controller circuit and use the new device to control Csound ...