Most everyone has heard of the A’s, G’s, C’s, and T’s of DNA. These four letters form the alphabet for the instructions for all life on the planet. Now a group of scientists at Scripps in San Diego ...

Scientists have taken a significant step toward altering the fundamental alphabet of life — creating an organism with DNA containing artificial genetic code. That could lead to organisms that can make ...

Write down “FIFA World Cup Football” in Tamil. Now read. It reads: “Peepa voled cup putpall” or something similar. Makes no sense! Prior knowledge of pronunciation becomes relevant. Existing alphabets ...